Is The Visceral Adiposity Index an Indicator of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome?
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7890481Keywords:
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, Visceral Adiposity Index, Neutrophil-Lymphocyte RatioAbstract
Introduction: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most common peripheral focal mononeuropathy caused by compression of the median nerve in the carpal tunnel.
Objective: We aimed to investigate inflammation parameters, body mass index (BMI), visceral adiposity index (VAI), and their relationship with disease severity in patients diagnosed with CTS in our study.
Method: This prospective study included 147 patients with CTS and 85 healthy volunteers. We grouped the patients by CTS severity as severe, moderate, or mild based on electroneuromyography findings. We recorded demographic characteristics and the test results of complete blood count and inflammation parameters and calculated BMI and VAI for the subjects included in the study.
Results: Of the patients with CTS, 78.9% were women and 26.5% had severe disease. C-reactive protein (CRP), triglycerides, the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), waist circumference, and VAI were statistically significantly higher in the CTS group compared to the control group (p<0.05). CRP, NLR, BMI, VAI, and the proportion of obese individuals were statistically significantly higher in the severe CTS group compared to the moderate and mild CTS groups (p<0.05).
Conclusion: We showed that VAI, waist circumference, CRP, and NLR were higher in CTS patients compared to the control group. The high values of VAI and NLR in patients with CTS and severe CTS indicate that these parameters are useful markers to demonstrate the risk of developing CTS and predict prognosis.
References
Chammas M, Boretto J, Burmann LM, et al. Carpal tunnel syndrome- part I (anatomy, physiology, etiology and diagnosis). Rev Bras Ortop. 2014; 49: 429–436. 9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rboe.2014.08.001
Genova A,Dix O, Saefan A, Thakur M, Hassan A. Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: A Review of Literature. Cureus. 2020; 12(3): e7333. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.7333
Nakamichi K, Tachibana S. Hypercholesterolemia as a risk factor for idiopathic carpal tunnel syndrome. Muscle Nerve. 2005; 32: 364–367. https://doi.org/10.1002/mus.20363
Mi J,Liu Z. Obesity, Type 2 Diabetes, and the Risk of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study. Front Genet. 2021; 12: 688849. https://doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2021.688849
Joshi A,Patel K, Mohamed A, et al. Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: Pathophysiology and Comprehensive Guidelines for Clinical Evaluation and Treatment. Cureus. 2022; 14(7): e27053. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.27053
Kawai T, Autieri MV, Scalia R. Adipose tissue inflammation and metabolic dysfunction in obesity. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2021 ; 320(3): 375–91. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00379.2020
Wu Z, Yu S, Kang X, et al. Association of visceral adiposity index with incident nephropathy and retinopathy: a cohort study in the diabetic population. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2022; 21: 32. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12933-022-01464-1
Chang Y, Zhang L, Li Y, et al. Derivation and Validation of a New Visceral Adiposity Index for Predicting Short-Term Mortality of Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke in a Chinese Population. Brain Sci. 2023, 13(2), 297. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13020297
World Health Organization. Obesity and overweight. Accessed at https://who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/ obesity-and-overweight on May 6, 2020.
Qin Z, Jiang L, Sun J, et al. Higher visceral adiposity index is associated with increased likelihood of abdominal aortic calcification. Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2022; 77: 100114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinsp.2022.100114
American Academy of Neurology, American Association of Electrodiagnostic Medicine and the American Academy of Physial Medicine and Rehabilitation. Practice parameter for electrodiagnostic studies in carpal tunnel syndrome (summary statement). Neurology 1993; 43:2404-2405. https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.43.11.2404
Stevens JC. AAEM minimonograph #26: The electrodiagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome. American Association of Electrodiagnostic Medicine. Muscle Nerve. 1997;20(12):1477-86. https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-4598(199712)20:12<1477::aid-mus1>3.0.co;2-5
Shiri R, Heliovaara M, Moilanen L, et al. Associations of cardiovascular risk factors, carotid intima-media thickness and manifest atherosclerotic vascular disease with carpal tunnel syndrome. BMC Musculoskelet. Disord. 2011; 12: 80. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2474-12-80
Wipperman J, Goerl K . Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: Diagnosis and Management.Am Fam Physician.2016; 94(12):993-99. PMID: 28075090
Tian X , Chen S , Wang P , et al. Insulin resistance mediates obesity-related risk of cardiovascular disease: a prospective cohort study. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2022; 21(1): 289. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12933-022-01729-9
Habib SS, Alanazy MH. Predictive Value of Markers of Adiposity in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: A Clinical and Electrophysiological Evaluation. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 2020; 30(8): 828-32. https://doi.org/10.29271/jcpsp.2020.08.828
Otelea MR, Nartea R, Popescu FG, et al. The Pathological Links between Adiposity and the Carpal Tunnel Syndrome.Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2022; 44(6): 2646–2663.https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb44060181
Yeo SH, Kim DH, Sohn SY, et al. Correlation between Serum Lipid Level and Neurophysiological Findings in Patients with Carpal Tunnel Syndrome. Ann Clin Neurophysiol. 2010;12(2):47–54.
Razavi AS, Karimi N,Bashiri F. The relationship of serum lipid profiles and obesity with the severity of carpal tunnel syndrome. Pan Afr Med J. 2021; 39: 90. https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2021.39.90.27234
Moghtaderi A , Izadi S, Sharafadinzadeh N. An evaluation of gender, body mass index, wrist circumference and wrist ratio as independent risk factors for carpal tunnel syndrome. Acta Neurol Scand. 2005; 112(6): 375-9. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0404.2005.00528.x
Kurt S, Kisacik B, Kaplan Y, et al. Obesity and carpal tunnel syndrome: is there a causal relationship? Eur Neurol. 2008;59:253–257. https://doi.org/10.1159/000115639
Pan L, Xu Q, Liu, J, et al. Dose–response relationship between Chinese visceral adiposity index and type 2 diabetes mellitus among middle-aged and elderly Chinese. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2022; 13: 959860. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2022.959860
Mondelli M., Aretini A., Ginanneschi F., Greco G., Mattioli S. Waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio in carpal tunnel syndrome: a case-control study. J. Neurol. Sci. 2014; 338(1-2): 207-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2014.01.012
Pararasa C, Bailey CJ, Griffiths HR. Ageing, adipose tissue, fatty acids and inflammation. Biogerontology 2015; 16: 235–248. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10522-014-9536-x
Ayeni A, Mahmood F, Mustafa A, et al.Predicting the Severity of Acute Appendicitis in Children Using Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR).Cureus. 2022; 14(8): e28619. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.28619
Güneş M, Büyükgöl H.Correlation of neutrophil/lymphocyte and platelet/lymphocyte ratios with the severity of idiopathic carpal tunnel syndrome.Muscle Nerve. 2020; 61(3): 369-374. https://doi.org/10.1002/mus.26791
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Acta Medica Ruha
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
