Obezite Kaynaklı İnflamasyon ve Kardiyovasküler Olaylar
Derleme Makale
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13784433Anahtar Kelimeler:
Obezite, Obezite ve inflamasyon, Obezite ve kardiyovasküler olaylarÖzet
Obezite, hastalık ve ölüm oranlarının artmasına neden olan bir rahatsızlıktır. Bu rahatsızlık, kardiyovasküler hastalıklar başta olmak üzere tip 2 diyabet, kanser ve birçok hastalıkla ilişkilidir. Özellikle kardiyovasküler hastalıklar, obez bireylerde ölüm nedenlerinin başında gelmektedir. Ayrıca enfeksiyon, obezite ve diyabetinde içinde bulunduğu birçok hastalık inflamasyon ile bağlantılıdır. Obezite interlökin-6, tümör nekroz faktörü-α ve C-reaktif protein gibi inflamatuar sitokinlerin artması ile ilişkilidir. İnflamasyonun ateroskleroz, hipertrofik kalp yetmezliği ve miyokard enfarktüsü gibi kalp hastalıklarında da artış gösterdiği bilinmektedir. Leptin, resistin, retinol bağlayıcı protein 4 gibi adipokinler ile interlökin-1β, interlökin-6, CRP, tümör nekroz faktör-alfa, plazminojen aktivatör inhibitör-1, vb. inflamasyon medyatörleri kronik inflamasyonda yer alır. İnflamatuar sitokinler esas olarak immün sistemi hücreleri tarafından salınsa da iskemik ya da hipertrofik stres sonrasında endotel hücreler, kardiyomiyositler ve kardiyak fibroblastlar tarafından da sentezlenmektedir. Kalbin, meydana gelen inflamasyonu en aza indirgeyebilmek için endojen kökenli tabii kaynakları bulunmaktadır. Kardiyak inflamasyonu azaltmak için ya anti-inflamatuar medyatörlerin yoğunluğunu fazlalaştırmak ya da proinflamatuar medyatörlerin yoğunluğunu azaltmak gerekir. Bu yüzden kalpte bulunan endojen kökenli tabii mekanizmalar devreye girerek kardiyak işlevi olumlu yönde düzenler. Sonuç olarak; sistemik inflamasyonun azaltılması, inflamatuar immün hücrelerinin etkinliğinin minimum seviyeye indirgenmesi kardiyak inflamasyon bakımından olumlu yönde büyük katkı sağlayacaktır.
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