Bee Sting–Induced Anaphylaxis Presenting With Seizure: A Rare Neurological Complication

Case Report

Abstract

Introduction: Anaphylaxis following bee stings is most commonly associated with cutaneous and cardiovascular manifestations, while neurological complications are rare. This report presents a case of generalized tonic–clonic seizure associated with anaphylaxis following a bee sting.

Case Presentation: A 39-year-old male developed headache after being stung on the neck by a bee and received antihistamine and corticosteroid therapy. Shortly thereafter, he experienced a generalized tonic–clonic seizure with subsequent respiratory and circulatory deterioration, requiring endotracheal intubation and transfer to our clinic. Laboratory findings on admission revealed leukocytosis, hypocalcemia, elevated lactate and troponin levels, and metabolic acidosis. Brain CT imaging was normal. During intensive care follow-up, recurrent seizures occurred, and levetiracetam treatment was initiated. The patient showed clinical improvement and was discharged with a recommendation to continue levetiracetam and attend outpatient follow-up.

Conclusion: Bee sting–induced anaphylaxis may rarely result in neurological complications, including seizures, even in the absence of prominent cutaneous findings. Clinicians should consider hypoxia- or toxin-mediated mechanisms during anaphylaxis management and monitor patients closely for neurological deterioration. Early recognition and multidisciplinary care are essential for reducing morbidity.